Everyday Use By Alice Walker - 1501 Words

Heritage is the full range of our inherited traditions, monuments,objects, and culture. This is something that comes belongs or come to one by reason of birth. This is is the definition in the dictionary, but everybody has their own ideas and beliefs of what shapes their heritage. In the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice walker, these divergent views are evidence by the way Mrs. Johnson (Mama) and Dee (Wangero) see the world and the discrepancy of who will inherit the family’s quits. The symbolism is such as specific objects, different characters and their front yard. All are used to represent the main theme is apart of your heritage and is always something to proud of. The main topic of certain objects are throughout the entire story that†¦show more content†¦When Dee put the sunglasses on when she is leaving is a symbol of a shield that protects not only her eyes, but from her past culture she once lived in. After, walking out of the front door and kiss Mag gie goodbye she slides on her sunglasses and to get the feeling that she is not only blocking her eyes from the sun, but from the rest of the worlds perspective on her. When she walks over to the car, â€Å"Maggie smiled; maybe at the sunglasses. But a real smile, not scared.†(1194) Showing that Maggie is no longer afraid Dee’s new culture, but hinting that possibly someday she will become apart of her. There is a symbol from the big front yard that depicts the simplicity of their culture. In the beginning of the story, Mrs. Johnson stand outside impatiently for her daughters to come visit. â€Å"A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house.† (1188) In the description of the yard is it seems a plain yard. There is no description of anything but sand leading you to believe that the whole lawn is empty from grass, trees, bushes, or flowers. The people of the houseShow MoreRelatedEveryday Use By Alice Walker852 Words   |  4 Pagescomes or belongs to one by reason of birth. In â€Å"Everyday Use†, by Alice Walker, the theme of the story can be considered as the meaning of h eritage or even the power of education. Alice Walker uses many symbols and motifs such as the following: quilts, education, knowledge, Asalamalakim, and the renaming of Dee. In the story, African heritage and knowledge takes a major role. The African heritage plays a major role in the story, â€Å"Everyday Use†. Alice Walker emphasizes the meaning of heritage by havingRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 PagesEverday Use† research paper In â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two daughters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set insideRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1102 Words   |  5 Pagespoem â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† can be read similar to Alice Walker s short story Everyday Use† both are compared by the women’s ways of showing their strengths and how they identify their values, expressions and strength. Advertised in the general outlines of the plot, both literary themes talks of a quest for freedom, the characters identity and self-expression. Adrienne Rich â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† Alice Walker â€Å"Everyday Use† Comparison Paper Analyzing the two types of literatureRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 Pagessociety as a whole, but more specifically in the African American Community. Alice Walker gives slight insight into   what being forced   to assimilate is like. She says in her short story Everyday Use: She will stand hopelessly in corners homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs eyeing her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. Statements such as these are a regular occurrence in her works. Walker often speaks on the ever so disheartening topic of cultural assimilation and theRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker996 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker, the author describes different ideas about one’s heritage. Culture and heritage is at the main point of the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker as symbolized by the quilt. The bond that Mother and Maggie share is brought by their common talent to make works of art like quilts. Dee does not have similar capacity because she does not appreciate manual labor nor believes in her heritage. The idea of pride in culture, heritage, and family is the mainRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1721 Words   |  7 PagesIn her short story â€Å"Everyday Use,† Alice Walker summarizes the representation of the beauty, the conflicts and struggles within African-American culture. â€Å"Everyday Use† focuses mainly between members of the Johnson family, consisting of a mother and her two daughters. One of the daughters Maggie, who was injured in a house fire and has living a shy life clinging to her mother for security. Her older sister is Dee, who grew up with a grace and natural beauty. â€Å"Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicerRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1655 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two dau ghters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set inside the late ,60s or mid ,70sRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1735 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker and â€Å"Brownies† by ZZ Packer are two different short stories with different lessons but both talk about the topic of race. Both stories talks about the time in the 20th century when slavery just ended but racism are still active between African Americans and Caucasians. Walker described a story about a single African American mother who is waiting for her daughter to arrive from college. Packer described a story about these African American fourth graders who are inRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1111 Words   |  5 Pagestheir culture. Alice Walker highlights and distinguishes the dissimilarities and clichà © of country African American women with the actualities that make up their lives. Characterized by short, compound sentences, with long adjectives and use of literary elements, her style is eloquent co nversational and authentic. Alice Walker’s short story, Everyday Use is stylistic, ironic and narrates profound interpretation of unique views and approaches to African-American culture. Walker’s use of characterizationRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1725 Words   |  7 Pages17 April 2017 Everything is Not What it Seems Sometimes people forget that heritage has to do with truly understanding their past. Many often misrepresent it, especially the younger generations who just accept its presence. Alice Walker’s short story, â€Å"Everyday Use,† revolves around an African American family that consists of three women, who are very different from each other. The story begins with Maggie and Mama waiting in the yard for Dee, the main character, to visit from Augusta. Dee is

The Positive Effects of the Great Plague Essay - 616 Words

The Great Plague was a pandemic that killed many people, and for the people from the olden times the plague equaled painful death; it was torture. As a result, many people categorize ‘the Great Plague’ as a catastrophe that had caused huge damage in Europe, but without this epidemic, we many not have had substantial changes that lead us to the modern day we have now. The Great Plague was an outbreak that killed a third of population in Europe. It was a scourge that originated in the arid plains of central Asia and traveled along the Silk Road. From then on, fleas living on rats, which were typically found on merchant ships, carried it. There were three types of the plague: bubonic plague, this was an infection of the lymph glands and†¦show more content†¦Travelers like them usually spent money buying new lands and using money for voyages. It also became difficult for people to procure goods as many were reluctant to leave the house, in fear that they too would g et the plague. As a result of this, trade declined, and the price of both goods produced locally and goods imported from afar skyrocketed. The Black Death was also a way for people to start a new life, and it was also a way for Europe to start from square one. There was a huge effect on education. Many people realised that as much as they believed in God and their religion, the church was not God and that they were just taking the power. Because of this, people tried to research more about the reasons why the plague spread. Therefore, medicals schools were opened and there were many more doctors than before. Technology and machines improved and developed because of the lack of workers on the fields. The idea of feudalism was also faltering as many of the lords had died from the plague. Peasants were more free and they were also let loose from the bounds tying them to the lands. Instead, people started going towards of humanism and ideas of working for the benefits of oneself. There is evidence that can back this up. In Russia, the plague did not have as much as an effect and the feudal system continued until the 19th century. The Great Plague was an enormous pandemic that left a hugeShow MoreRelatedPositive and Negative Results of The Black Plague847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Black Plague, perhaps one of the worst epidemics in history, swept its evil across Europe in the middle of the 14th century, killing an estimated 20 million people. This major population shift, along with other disasters occurring at the time, such as famine and an already existing economic recession, plunged Europe into a dark period of complete turmoil. Anarchy, psychological breakdowns, and the dissipation of church power were some of the results. As time passed, however, society managed toRead MoreWhat Effects Did The Black Death Changed Europe1408 Words   |  6 Pages The Death Plague That changed Europe In 1348, a plague arrived that caused severe damage in many countries in Europe. The plague made a significant impact on the country, and it ending up killing fifty million people, which was sixty percent of Europe’s entire population (Slack 432). All of the deaths from the Black plaque it caused many different social and economic effects in Europe. Along with devastating effect, there were positive, social and economic changes resulting from the Black deathRead MoreEssay on Economic Effects of the Black Plague in England1748 Words   |  7 Pagesthe disease to the rest of England. The plague did not discriminate, as it knocked down anyone in its path, but it affected the oldest, the youngest and the poorest most dramatically as it wiped out an estimated thirty to forty percent of England. Many will argue that due to a lack of key pieces of information and being surrounded by other factors such as the Great Famine and the Hundred Years War, it is hard to be certain on the l evel of impact the plague had as a standalone catastrophe, but thereRead MoreThe Black Death Of Europe1265 Words   |  6 Pagesuncontrollably started to travel its way through Europe and had a great impact on Europe. It’s undeniable that the Black Death created many upheavals in Europe, but it also led to a few positive effects as well. The outbreak of the epidemic led to many, social, religious, economic, and political changes in Europe. By the time the Black Death hit Europe, Europe had grown so much in numbers that it was overpopulated . The most obvious effect the plague had on Europe was a social issue. Due to the Black DeathRead MoreBlack Plague And The Plague1367 Words   |  6 PagesBy the 14th century, the plague had wiped out sixty percent of Europe’s population. Because of its devastating fatality rate, The Black Plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in history. The disease was made famous by the outbreak in Europe, however it did not originate there. The origination of the Plague, History of the Plague, Strains and Symptoms, as well as effects of the Plague are essential ideas, important to understand the Black Plague. The Black Plague is said to have originatedRead MoreEssay on Black Death with Wings of Light1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdeathliest plagues that ever struck mankind, the Black Death? This song describes the main symptom of the Black Death, which is the formation of infected black rings on skin. The Black Death is a disease that first arrived in Europe in 1347 through a ship with rats and fleas contaminated with Yersinia pestis bacteria. This bacteria has the capability of taking one’s life within 48 hours (MedicineNet). In 1340s, the plague victimized countless numbers of people. Fortunately, the plague temporarilyRead MoreThe Black Death And Its Effects On Society843 Words   |  4 Pagesbubonic plague, it struck Europe in 1347 and killed close to 50 million people. This constituted as half of their population, killing entire families and destroying tribes and villages in less than a mere century. To this day there are numerous theories of its origin, symptoms, its quick spre ading, artistry and other documents that all reflect on the impact this plague had on society. The terror of the Black Death affected various aspects of European culture, particularly art. At a time of great sufferingRead MoreImportant Events in the European History That Changed the European Society814 Words   |  4 Pagesdramatically as a result of a series of stresses in the late 13th to the mid 15th centuries and how such events as Black Plague, the One Hundred Years War and the collapse of Papal Power influenced the Medieval European society. The transformation of the Medieval society was long and painful process, which lasted approximately 150 years. The development in the years 1000-1300 brought the positive changes in agriculture, finance and trade. Growing food supply, the creation of guilds, the development of urbanRead MoreThe Bubonic Plague Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bubonic Plague Introduction Plague, was a term that was applied in the Middle Ages to all fatal epidemic diseases, but now it is only applied to an acute, infectious, contagious disease of rodents and humans, caused by a short, thin, gram-negative bacillus. In humans, plague occurs in three forms: bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, and septicemic plague. The best known form is the bubonic plague and it is named after buboes, or enlarged, inflamed lymph nodes, which are characteristicsRead MoreGenghis Khan And The Mongol Empire1588 Words   |  7 Pages The bubonic plague epidemic of the 1300s led to the destruction of the Mongol Empire by separating many areas in Eurasia from each other and wiping out millions of people. As a result, trade and communication vanished from the Mongol Empire, and it only worsened the political turmoil that was already present in the empire. Even after the destruction of the empire Genghis Khan had formed, many other empires were influenced by the Mongols and tried to incorporate many aspects of the Mongol Empire

A Day at the Beach in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina Free Essays

When I woke up in the morning my mind began to run wild; imaging my fun filled day at the beach.   I imagined the warm sun wrapped around my back, as the warm sand rolled through my toes. I smelled the salty sweetness of the ocean waves that would soon carry me to bliss. We will write a custom essay sample on A Day at the Beach in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina or any similar topic only for you Order Now    I saw parents with their children laughing and playing along the shore, as small waves crashed against their ankles.  Ã‚   I could not wait to get to the beach. After my mind calmed down, I quickly jumped out of bed and ran to the window to see the sun of my thoughts.   To my dismay, the sun was not there.   My eyes moved rapidly, searching for any possible sign of the sun’s rays.   All I could see was numerous thick gray clouds suffocating the sun and its rays. I told myself I would not let a few clouds interfere with my day at the beach.   I moved with haste, as I put on my favorite orange swim trunks outlined with blue stripes. I threw on a white tank top, grabbed my float, threw my big blue beach towel across my back and headed for the beach.   When I got out the door I heard the faint sounds of thunder in the distance.   I then turned up my nose and sniffed the air for any odor of rain to come. I only hoped that lighting was not far behind. I did not know how the weather was going to behave so I grabbed my float and tucked it under my arm and ran into the ocean.   My body began to shiver as I felt the cold waves rush against my feet. While my body adjusted to the temperature change, I sat on my float legs dangling on each side and waded close to the shore. I watched parents as their faces changed from gleeful smiles to concerned glares, as their eyes searched the dubitable sky. All of a sudden a loud crack of thunder pierced my ears. My body reacted immediately, as I jumped and slipped off of my float. I wasn’t too far from the shore, which enabled my feet to hit the surface.   I eagerly looked at the sky and saw a flash of lighting.   I grabbed my float and began to swim back, as I saw disappointed children reluctantly go inside from the beckoning call of their parents. Before I could put my feet back on sand, the sky immediately cleared up.   The sun came roaring out from behind the clouds announcing its return.   The gray clouds dispersed quickly as if they were afraid of the sun’s strength.   I gazed throughout the sky looking for any sign of bad weather.   To my surprise the day began to turn into my early thoughts of the beach. I was extremely happy with the new turn of events.   I reached shore and threw down my float and began to run through the sand.   I was so ecstatic that I stepped on three sandcastles, and tripped over a red shovel and bucket that one of the children left in the sand.   I rejoiced, as I ran down the beach along the shore.   My feet were moving swiftly, as I swung my arms to catch as much wind as possible. I stopped a half a mile down the stretch of the beach, when something clear and shiny caught my eyes.   I walked over slowly to the unknown object, careful not to disrupt its peace.   The closer I got, the more I began to realize what was before me.  Ã‚   This was my first encounter with a jellyfish. The jellyfish washed up close to shore because of the slight storm.   The waves must have carried it in. I was about to examine the jellyfish, when the tide rushed in and pulled it back into the ocean.   Just being able to see a real jellyfish in its natural habitat made my day at Cape Hatteras beach one the best. How to cite A Day at the Beach in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, Papers

Conflict Management between work team India & The West

Question: Discuss about the identify significant techniques of handling conflicts within team works and evaluating the constructive and destructive dimensions along with its components? Answer: Introduction Master of Engineering Management (MME) is a professional master degree course which centres on business and management in an engineering environment. According to the Croucher (2011), the subject acts as a bridge between the field of business management and in the field of engineering or technology. The subject provides an opening for engineers to develop the managerial skills and amalgamate the business and technical knowledge. In addition to the objectives of the research, the report assesses the problems relevant to the profession. With the help of secondary information, the report critically analyses the subject. Different methodologies have been used to conduct the research works with the help of secondary information. The report also discusses the finding that has been derived from the secondary sources. The report recommends the possible measures to be taken to combat the issues. The report ends up with the limitation of the project and the scope for further research work. Background Conflict management is identified as the process of reducing the negative aspects occurred due to a divergence. In the circumstance of the similar matter, Daly et al. (2010) determined that the aim of conflict management is to enhance the various scope of learning. In the similar context, Debasish et al. (2007) mentioned that conflicts are the foremost reality of organizations and the political system through which differences are signified and observed. In the background of the specific statement, Gawerc (2013) find out that the Indian employees had major issues regarding the work timings. Presently, the organizations are providing Work from Home facility to its employees to increase the level of motivation. In a similar manner, the organisational culture in The West is influenced by the masculine factor. Thus, the female employees are getting demotivated, which is one of the reason were behind the conflict. Problem statement with justification Time has been the major issue faced by the researcher in the present project. The work demands for a detail investigation, however, the time limit assign for the study was extremely short. Thus, it has been very difficult for the researcher to collect the authentic and updated information regarding conflict management strategies followed in India' and The West.' The module standards of MME course is considerably higher. Therefore, the quality of research needs to be equally standardised. However, the pressure of a deadline is sometimes nonavoidable, which degrades the overall quality of work. Thus, the researcher requires making a through time management planning to overcome the major disputes. With time, the level of the standard will increase further and so as the pressure, thus, to efficiently deal with the projects, a structured time management methods required being followed. Research aim The aim of the study is to identify significant techniques of handling conflicts within team works and evaluating the constructive and destructive dimensions along with its components. Research Objectives To determine the nature of conflicts in The West and India through which the dynamics of this will be explored. To evaluate the outcomes of the conflict in The West and India work teams. To identify the effective patterns required to manage the internal disputes To determine the relationship between patterns of managing internal disputes and the outcome of conflicts. Research questions What can be the effective techniques to handle conflicts within team works? Nature of conflict in "The West" and "India." The countries in the West face a conflict of interest. In the opinion of Eriksson et al. (2008), such conflict arises when personal interest and goals are made to fit within the structure of the organization, and a mismatch occurs. The individual may take a stand for his personal rights causing a conflict. The management of the western countries faces interpersonal relationship issues. As per the Kramar (2013), such conflict arises when personal issues are not resolved within the team. The Indian engineering management faces a conflict between the individual and the group. In the view of Giacomantonio et al. (2011), all departments have certain behavioral norms and operational standards which every individual is expected to adhere. An individual may want to be with that group for some requirements but may not agree with the plan and methodology of the group (Saeed et al. 2014). The scarcity of resources like time, money and materials causes the team to undercut each other. In the view of Eriksson et al. (2008), the competition for such resources between the Department and other work groups leads to a conflict in Indian engineering management. Outcomes of the conflict in The West and India work teams In the western countries, the outcome of conflict of interest is that the organizations success is hampered. According to the Sippings (2012), the individual is interested in attaining the personal goal and giving it the priority; an individual fails to fulfill its duty towards the organisation. As per the Sehrawat (2014), an organisation undergoing the conflict of interpersonal relationship faces the problem in work team. A team work project implies that every member has its significance and potential. Working together helps the organisation in attaining the goal effectively. When there are issues within the team member, it directly hampers the project. In the case of Indian engineering management, when there is a conflict between the individual and group, the teamwork is hampered. From the view of Hughes et al. (2008), there will be a communication problem in the group which will lead to the inefficient dealing of the project. The overall issues will be reflected in the quality of the project. As per the Mohammed et al. (2009), an organisation undergoing the scarcity of resources will lead to a delay of the project. Effective patterns to manage the internal disputes The western countries put an effort to manage the internal disputes. In the opinion of Huang (2010), to combat conflict of interest, management needs to conduct an internal session where the employees will be giving the feedback about the present strategies and convey expectations the employees keep before its employer. Keeping the feedback in mind, the organisation should restructure its strategies. This will help the firm to come in a position where both the parties interest are met. In the view of Huang (2010), the organisation deals with interpersonal relationship issues by resolving the disputes between the team members. Keeping both parties interest in mind, a midway solution is undertaken so that the members are satisfied with the managerial decision. The Indian engineering management also tries to dissolve the internal disputes. As per the Mohammed et al. (2009), the organisation need to be strict with its behavioral norms and operational standards and make sure that all the members follow it. In the case of issues, the management should intervene to resolve it. According to the Gray Williams (2012), the managers tries to distribute the resources fairly between the department and other work groups so as to enhance the healthy relationship between different departments of the firm and the goal of the firm can be attained in an efficient manner. Relationship between patterns of managing internal disputes and the outcome of conflicts. Master of Engineering Management in Western countries has been able to manage the internal disputes. In the view of Gray Williams (2012), the internal session had proved to be beneficial. It has helped in establishing trust between the employee and the employer. If both the employee and employer are satisfied, it helps in further enhancing the transparency of an organisation. Moreover, in the opinion of Pluut Curseu (2012), the initiative taken by management to resolve issues of the department concerned has a positive impact on an organisation. This is because a conflict within a team hampers the healthy atmosphere and the project as well. In the Indian context, the managements procedure of solving internal dispute has a positive impact on an organisation. According to the Pluut Curseu (2012), its rigid rules, on the one hand, will force the employee to follow it. Conversely, Posthuma (2012) stated, such work culture is not welcomed by the employee as it takes away the freedom of working in its style. In the opinion of Quackenbush (2010), the fair distribution of resources in the department will impart a feeling between the employee that each member and department are equally important for an effective functioning of an organisation. Research philosophy The research philosophy is of three types, positivism, realism and interpretive. As per the opinion of Yin (2013), positivism is the scientific approach that focuses logical subjects. On the other hand, realism deals with the subjects that are known to human behavior. Realism focuses on the matters that already exists and judged by human behaviors. Therefore, considering the natures of all above philosophies, the researcher has selected the positivism philosophy for the present report. The existing study emphasises on the subject conflict management and what are the methods followed in Indian and The West organisations to resolve the conflicts. It has been inferred that the nature of positivism philosophy entirely justifies the present research context. Hence, the researcher has chosen the positivism philosophy to find out eh nature of conflicts the organisations of both regions are experiencing. Moreover, with the support of the selected philosophy, the management methods taken by b oth the organisations to n mitigate the internal conflicts are also detailed. From the overall perspectives, it can be inferred that positivism philosophy can help the study to derive an authentic conclusion. Research Approach The research approach is of two types, inductive and deductive. As per the opinion of Lim Ting (2013), the inductive research approach often deals with establishing new theories. On the other hand, the deductive research approach is required to examine and scrutinise the existing theories that are already developed by the previous authors. Due to the nature of the deductive research approach, the researcher has considered the specific approach to justify the research context. Herein, the report requires examining the viability of the theories opted to evaluate the secondary details. The deductive research approach to an extent justifies the demands of the existing report. It helped the researcher to find out the reason for conflict in the Indian and Western organisations. The identification of issues further helped the researcher to figure out-strategise taken by the managements of both the regions to resolve the destructive dimensions. As per the statement of Kothari (2009), due to nature the deductive approach, it has been considered as a Waterfall model, where every strategy is mentioned in a flow. Research design Descriptive, exploratory and explanatory are the common determinants of research design. Each of the aspects bears individual relevance in the data collection process. According to Hennink et al. (2010), the exploratory research design is mainly used to collect the background information. The information is used to analyse theoretical terms on research aims, objectives and questions. On the other hand, the descriptive design is used align the findings of the research questions regarding what, who, where, when and why (Alvesson et al..2009). The researcher has selected the descriptive design for the present report focusing on its nature. Unlike the other research design, the selected one has helped the researcher to collect sufficient secondary information regarding the conflict management techniques followed in the Indian and The West organisations. Based on which, effective techniques used by the industries of both the regions to reduce the effect of conflict are also detailed. The descriptive research design further supported the researcher to have a detail investigation of the secondary information gathered to justify the research subject. Data collection process Primary and secondary are the population forms of data collection process. In the circumstance of the similar statement, Yin (2013) asserted that primary data are collected from direct sources. Thus, it is raw in nature. However, the secondary information is collected from the past literature that is already developed by the previous authors. In the present study, the researcher has conducted the research works exclusively with the secondary information. Yin (2013) asserted that the secondary information needs to be gathered from the authentic sources like journals, books, magazines, internet articles, etc. The past records denote Journal to be the most authentic source for secondary information, as the content of the journal is reviewed by differed scholars to scrutinise its validity of the written piece. However, in the current report, the researcher is not benefitted with journals. The information received from the journal is quite backdated, which did not satisfy the standards of Masters of Management for Engineers module. Lastly, the internet served to be a potent source, which helped the researcher to receive updated information regarding the conflicts occurred within the organisations of India' and The West.' This assisted the researcher in finding out the methods taken by the management to resolve the negative outcome of conflicts with constructive dimensions. Findings from secondary information Inference can be drawn from the above secondary analysis that conflict of interest is the primary issues faced by The West organisations. Herein, the internal employees consciously or subconsciously impose individual interest within the organisation, which contradicts with the managements policies. Therefore, the overall team get influenced by the specific procedure of the employees and move with the flow. Further analysis of the existing context shows that the management of The West' organisations has management to conduct the interactive session with the internal staffs to figure out the possible gaps. This partially turned beneficial for the organisations to reduce the conflict of interest. The organisations are also dealing with the interpersonal issues to identify the reasons are preventing the employees to accept managerial decisions. On the other hand, the organisations in The West have experienced the interpersonal issues. The previous research works conducted by the researchers reflect that the personal issues of the team members are not resolved within the team; therefore, employees fail to build up a positive relationship with the other members of the team. The scarcity of resources has been the major issue in the Indian organisations. The organisations operating in the Indian market grow the tendency of compromising on the useful resources. Thus, the management automatically generates the tendency of utilising as less as possible resources to the maximum work done. This has been the major reason for conflict in the Indian organisations, where the employees feel extremely exploited under the exhaustive work culture. The Indian organisations are also taking strict measures against the resource scarcity issue. The managers are instructed to fairly distribute the resources amongst the employees. The resource allocation has been done in a fair process, which helped the employee to get the possible additional support to improve the quality of work. Discussion of findings It has been inferred from the findings that the western organisation is experiencing a conflict of interest. Gray Williams (2012) stated that such situation arises when an individual's personal interest conflict with professional position (refer to section 4.1). Such type of situation arises when an individual prioritises its personal interests over organisational duties. Self-dealing is a type of conflict of interest where an individual takes some benefits from the rivalry organisation. Such steps will benefit an individual but will hamper the present organisation. Conflict of interest can also take place when an individual passes the confidential files to the rival organisation for its personal benefit. It is important for a member to keep aside the personal interests while making a decision and need to stay focus on the concerns of the firm. In the opinion of (Gray Williams, 2012), it can be inferred that conflict of interest arises when an individual is unable to balance the pe rsonal interest and an organisational concerns (refer to section 4.1). As has been assessed from the findings that The West is facing interpersonal issues. As per the Pluut Curseu (2012), the impact of interpersonal conflicts can be witnessed both in personal and in the firm level (refer to section 4.1). Every member in a team has its personality and mindset, so it is difficult to predict an individual's reaction in different matters. When there is a conflict in the group, the factors like group dynamics and personality styles needed to be considered by the facilitators of the group. If the conflict is managed efficiently by identifying the issue and trying to resolve, it will be productive for the firm. As per Pluut Curseu (2012) in case the issue remains unsolved, it will end up creating stress for both the parties (refer to section 4.1). It has been evaluated from the findings that the Indian organisation is experiencing scarcity of resources. According to the Sehrawat (2014), the firms does not have the supply of adequate resources for a proper functioning of the firm (refer to section 4.1). Due to the scarcity of the resources, the firm has to look for some choices that best suits the inadequate resource for the completion of the project. The firm needs to make the best use of the limited amount of resource for the attainment of the organisational goal. In the view of Sehrawat (2014), in the case of unfair distribution of resources, a conflicting situation arises among the sub-departments of the firm (refer to section 4.1). Conclusion By the above research analysis, it can be determined that the constructive dimension of conflict management works well on team performance. This, directly and indirectly, create a positive influence amongst the team members. Evaluating the secondary information, a conclusion can be derived that the Indian organisations are following the destructive dimensions of limiting the available resources, which degraded the quality of employee performances. Thus, to create constructive dimension, the management of the organisations have strictly instructed the line and the departmental managers to fairly distribute the required resources to employees to improve the performance criteria. On the other hand, The West organisations are experiencing the conflict of interests. Herein, the internal members are not somewhat satisfied with the strategies taken by the management; therefore, the employees form the tendency of imposing individual interest within the workplace, which contradicts with the m anagements style. Thus, interactive sessions are taken to reduce the gap between employees and employers. References Alvesson, M., Skldberg, K., Skoldberg, K. (2009). Reflexive methodology: New vistas for qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Croucher, S. (2011). Muslim and Christian conflict styles in western Europe.International Journal of Conflict Management,22(1), 6074 Daly, T. M., Anne Lee, J., Soutar, G. N., Rasmi, S. (2010). Conflict?handling style measurement: A best?worst scaling application. International Journal of Conflict Management, 21(3), 281308. Debasish, S. S., Das, B., Omiko, R. (2007). Corporate conflict management: Concepts and skills. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Eriksson, P., Kovalainen, A., Kovalainen, P. A. (2008). Qualitative methods in business research (introducing qualitative methods series). Los Angeles: Sage Publications. Gawerc, M. I. (2013). Research note: Integrative ties as an approach to managing organizational conflict. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 31(2), 219225. Giacomantonio, M., Pierro, A., Kruglanski, A. W. (2011). Leaders fairness and followers conflict handling style. International Journal of Conflict Management, 22(4), 358372. Gray, E. C., Williams, J. A. (2012). Retail managers: Laissez-Faire leadership is synonymous with unsuccessful conflict management styles. Open Journal of Leadership, 01(03), 1316. Hennink, M., Bailey, A., Hutter, I. (2010). Qualitative research methods. London: SAGE Publications. Huang, J.(2010). Unbundling task conflict and relationship conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 21(3), 334355. Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R. C., Curphy, G. J. (2008). Leadership: Enhancing the lessons of experience (6th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill Higher Education. Kothari, C. R. (2009). Research methodology: Methods and techniques (2nd ed.). New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers. Kramar, R. (2013). Beyond strategic human resource management: Is sustainable human resource management the next approach? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(8), 10691089. Lim, W. M., Ting, D. H. (2013). Research methodology: A toolkit of sampling and data analysis techniques for quantitative research. United States: Grin Verlag. Lipscomb, M. (2007). Mixed method nursing studies: A critical realist critique. Nursing Philosophy, 9(1), 3245. Mohammed, U. K., White, G. R., Prabhakar, G. P. (2009). Culture and conflict management style of international project managers. International Journal of Business and Management, 3(5), 6578. Nielsen, R. B. (2011). Cues to quality in quantitative research papers. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 40(1), 8589. Pluut, H., Curseu, P. L. (2012). Perceptions of intragroup conflict: The effect of coping strategies on conflict transformation and escalation. Group Processes Intergroup Relations, 16(4), 412425. Posthuma, R. (2012). Conflict management and emotions. International Journal of Conflict Management, 23(1), 45. Quackenbush, S. L. (2010). Territorial issues and recurrent conflict. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 27(3), 239252. Saeed, T., Almas, S., Anis-ul-Haq, M., Niazi, G. (2014). Leadership styles: Relationship with conflict management styles.International Journal of Conflict Management,25(3), 214225. Sehrawat, A. (2014). Leadership and Conflict Management Style among Indian Managers. International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research, 5(5), 145149. Sippings, G. (2012). Managing changes to information services in large and complex organizations. Business Information Review, 29(1), 3438. Yin, R. K. (2013). Case study research: Design and methods (applied social research methods) (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Earthquakes Essays (5262 words) - Seismology, Types Of Earthquake

Earthquakes Earthquake, shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer. Earthquakes occur when energy stored within the earth, usually in the form of strain in rocks, suddenly releases. This energy is transmitted to the surface of the earth by earthquake waves. The study of earthquakes and the waves they create is called seismology. Scientists who study earthquakes are called seismologists. (Webster's p.423) The destruction an earthquake causes, depends on its magnitude or the amount of shaking that occurs. The size varies from small imperceptible shaking, to large shocks felt miles around. Earthquakes can tear up the ground, make buildings and other structures collapse, and create tsunamis (large sea waves). Many Lives can be lost because of this destruction. (The Road to Jaramillo p.211) Several hundred earthquakes, or seismic tremors, occur per day around the world. A worldwide network of seismographs detect about one million small earthquakes per year. Very large earthquakes, such as the 1964 Alaskan earthquake, which measured 8.6 on the Richter scale and caused millions of dollars in damage, occur worldwide once every few years. Moderate earthquakes, such as the 1989 tremor in Loma Prieta, California (magnitude 7.0), and the 1995 tremor in K?be, Japan (magnitude 6.8), occur about 20 times a year. Moderate earthquakes also cause millions of dollars in damage and can harm many people. (The Road to Jaramillo p.213-215) In the last 500 years, several million people have been killed by earthquakes around the world, including over 240,000 in the 1976 T'ang-Shan, China, earthquake. Worldwide, earthquakes have also caused severe property and structural damage. Good precautions, such as education, emergency planning, and constructing stronger, more flexible structures, can limit the loss of life and decrease the damage caused by earthquakes. (The Road to Jaramillo p.213-215,263) AN EARTHQUAKES ANATOMY Seismologists examine the parts of an earthquake, like what happens to the earth's surface during an earthquake, how the energy of an earthquake moves from inside the earth to the surface, and how this energy causes damage. By studying the different parts and actions of earthquakes, seismologists learn more about their effects and how to predict ground shaking in order to reduce damage. (On Shifting Ground p.109-110) Focus and Epicenter The point within the earth along the rupturing geological fault where an earthquake originates is called the focus, or hypocenter. The point on the earth's surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. Earthquake waves begin to radiate out from the focus and follow along the fault rupture. If the focus is near the surface between 0 and 70 km (0 and 40 mi.) deep shallow focus earthquakes are produced. If it is deep below the crust between 70 and 700 km (40 and 400 mi.) deep a deep focus earthquake will occur. Shallow-focus earthquakes tend to be larger, and therefore more damaging, earthquakes. This is because they are closer to the surface where the rocks are stronger and build up more strain. (The Ocean of Truth p.76 & The road to Jaramillo p.94-97) Seismologists know from observations that most earthquakes originate as shallow-focus earthquakes and most of them occur near plate boundaries areas where the earth's crustal plates move against each other. Other earthquakes, including deep-focus earthquakes, can originate in subduction zones, where one tectonic plate subducts, or moves under another plate. (The Ocean of Truth p.54-56) I Faults Stress in the earth's crust creates faults places where rocks have moved and can slip, resulting in earthquakes. The properties of an earthquake depend strongly on the type of fault slip, or movement along the fault, that causes the earthquake. Geologists categorize faults according to the direction of the fault slip. The surface between the two sides of a fault lies in a plane, and the direction of the plane is usually not vertical; rather it dips at an angle into the earth. When the rock hanging over the dipping fault plane slips downward into the ground, the fault is called a normal fault. When the hanging wall slips upward in relation to the bottom wall, the fault is called a reverse fault or a thrust fault. Both normal and reverse faults produce vertical displacements, or the upward movement of one side of the fault above the other side, that appear at the surface as fault scarps. Strike slip faults are another type of fault that produce horizontal displacements, or the side by side sliding movement of the fault, such as seen along the San Andreas fault in California. Strike-slip faults are usually found along boundaries between two plates that are sliding

Sample Weak Supplemental Essay for Duke University

Sample Weak Supplemental Essay for Duke University What should you avoid when writing a supplemental essay for college admission? Duke Universitys Trinity College offers applicants the opportunity to write a supplemental essay that answers the question: Please discuss why you consider Duke a good match for you. Is there something in particular at Duke that attracts you? Please limit your response to one or two paragraphs. The question is typical of many supplemental essays. Essentially, the admissions folks want to know why their school is of particular interest to you. Such questions often generate remarkably bland essays that make common  supplemental essay mistakes. The example below is one example of what not to do. Read the short essay, and then a critique highlighting some of the mistakes made by the author. Example of ​aWeak Supplemental Essay I believe the Trinity College of Arts and Sciences at Duke is an excellent match for me. I believe college should not be merely a gateway to the work force; it should educate the student in a variety of subjects and prepare him or her for the range of challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in life. I have always been a curious person and enjoy reading all kinds of literature and nonfiction. In high school I excelled in history, English, AP psychology, and other liberal arts subjects. I have not yet decided on a major, but when I do, it will almost certainly be in the liberal arts, such as history or political science. I know that Trinity College is very strong in these areas. But regardless of my major, I want to receive a broad education that spans a variety of areas in the liberal arts, so that I will graduate as not only a viable job prospect, but also as a well-rounded and learned adult who can make diverse and valuable contributions to my community. I believe Duke’s Trinity College will help me grow and become that kind of person. Critique of the Duke Supplemental Essay The sample supplemental essay for  Duke  is typical of what an admissions office frequently encounters. At first glance, the essay may seem just fine. The grammar and mechanics are solid, and the writer clearly wants to expand his or her education and become a well-rounded person. But think about what the prompt is actually asking: discuss why you consider Duke a good match for you. Is there something  in particular at Duke  that attracts you? The assignment here is not to describe why you want to go to college. The admissions office is asking you to explain why you want to go to Duke. A good response, then, must discuss specific aspects of Duke that appeal to the applicant. Unlike a  strong supplemental essay, the sample essay above fails to do so. Think about what the student says about Duke: the school will educate the student in a variety of subjects and present a range of challenges and opportunities. The applicant wants a broad education that spans a variety of areas. The student wants to be well-rounded and to grow. These are all worthwhile goals, but they dont say anything that is unique to Duke. Any comprehensive university offers a variety of subjects and helps students to grow. Also, by talking about the student and using phrases such as him or her, the author makes clear that the essay is presenting generalities rather than creating a clear and specific relationship between Duke and the applicant. A successful supplemental essay must clearly articulate what specific features of the school make it the right match for your personality, passions, and professional goals. The admissions folks need to see a clear and sensible reason for your desire to transfer. Is Your Supplemental Essay Specific Enough? As you write your supplemental essay, take the global replace test. If you can take your essay and substitute the name of one school for another, then you have failed to address the essay prompt adequately. Here, for example, we could replace Dukes Trinity College with the University of Maryland or Stanford or Ohio State. Nothing in the essay is actually about Duke. In short, the essay is filled with vague, generic language. The author demonstrates no specific knowledge of Duke and no clear desire actually to attend Duke. The student who wrote this supplemental essay probably hurt his or her application more than helped it.

Enterprise Application Architecture Research Paper

Enterprise Application Architecture - Research Paper Example These three disciplines have each contributed to the development of this discipline. Computer science is a discipline that has been very important in the development of information science enterprise architecture. This discipline has been seen to be instrumental in developing underlying theory and scientific theories. The discipline is the mother of all other information technology ideas and theories. It is the one that has been seen to be used to develop architectures that are used in developing software. Most of the research about new paradigms in software development has been seen to be developed using computer science knowledge. Computer science is used to do research on the new ways of developing software. Most of the theories that have been seen to develop have been seen to come out of computer science. Computer science is not concerned with the application of the software and the various software paradigms that have been developed per se, but it has been seen to be used to dev elop architectures and prototypes that have been used to develop software (Sate University, 2011). On the other hand, information system has been seen to be instrumental to get the real requirements of the systems that are being used in organizations. The main aim of information systems is that of assessing the relationship that information systems have with the organizations that they are installed in. the relationship that exist between the organization and the enterprise information system not only deals with the theory that are used to develop the information system architecture that are installed in the organization but is also concerned with the development and the application of the architectures too (Sate University, 2011). It is also concerned with training of the users into good use of the software. The information system course is meant to help students to connect business and information technology and make strategic moves in this. Information systems are not meant to ru n on their own. This will enable the current methods in technology and the current trends to be adopted. The knowledge that is taught is geared to understand the application part of the application. Enterprise application software will be used to evaluate the performance of a given architecture and the features that these architectures. They will then be assessed and recommended accordingly. From this, it is clear that information systems course helps to understand the application and the effectiveness of a given architecture. On the other hand, library information science is a science is also equally important in enterprise application development and architecture. Although its contributions are minimal, it is hard to ignore this discipline as it is equally important. It adds to the knowledge of information systems. It has been used in the knowledge of information systems. References Sate University. (2011). Software development job description, career as a network administrator, s alary, employment. Infoworld, 63(2),

Doubt play vs. movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Doubt play vs. movie - Essay Example As mentioned earlier, Doubt is a story revolving around a nun’s qualms about a priest’s sexual involvement with an African-American Altar boy. Sister Aloysius is the head nun and principal of a catholic school called St. Nicholas. Father Flynn is a new teacher at St. Nicholas; he has an affable personality and is highly articulate. The character list includes another member of the faculty, Sister James; an impressionable and inexperienced teacher; she is highly obedient. Therefore when Sister Aloysius commands everyone to keep their eyes open for unusual behavior, she is the first one to suspect Father Flynn. (Brantley, 2006) The main source of the suspicion is triggered when Sister James observes the intimacy between Father Flynn and the only African American student Donald Muller. There are a number of other factors that eventually lead her to confirm her suspicions such as, when Donald is summoned by Father Flynn during Sister James’ class and when he returns, he seems upset and intoxicated, and finally Sister James notices Father Flynn putting a white shirt in Donald’s locker, during a dance lesson. Sister James confides her suspicion to Sister Aloysius, who later confronts Father Flynn. Father Flynn provides a plausible explanation that he had found Donald drinking and wanted to help him get over his drinking problem. However, Sister Aloysius is still unsatisfied and decides to talk to Donald Muller’s mother. Mrs. Muller seems completely ambivalent and asks Sister Aloysius not to pursue the matter any further. She mentions that Donald is currently coping with his abusive father and also hints that it is because of his sexual orientation that causes Mr. Muller to beat Donald up. She pleads with her to remain silent and not take any action against Father Flynn and tries to rationalize their relationship, but Sister Aloysius remains adamant. Despite the fact that she was unable to collect any hard evidence against Father Fly nn to substantiate her allegation, she confronts Father Flynn again and threatens to him to tell her the truth or she will approach her superiors. Father Flynn denies but finally succumbs to her demands and requests for a transfer when Sister Aloysius tells him that she telephoned his previous parish and discovered ample amount of evidences regarding his dubious past. She told him that she knew he had changed a few parishes because of misconduct; however, the details of misconduct were not specified and there are several nuns, who are willing to testify against him. (Brantley, 2006) The story ends with Father Flynn getting transferred to a different school and Sister Aloysius confiding in Sister James that she found nothing against him and her telephoning the authorities was a mere fabrication.. In the end, she breaks down in to tears and says, â€Å"I have doubts†¦ I have such doubts†. The film and play adaptation followed the same plot and even the dialogues were near verbatim; which shows the strong correspondence between both the play and the movie. However, in case of differences, there are countless differences but the changes are only minor and subtle and nothing too plot-altering. The most ostensible difference is the fact that there are more characters in the movie than in the play. (Brantley, 2004) The depiction of the story deviates from the normal four-character play by Mr.

Velocity and Flow Rate Measuring Instruments used in Pipes Essay

Velocity and Flow Rate Measuring Instruments used in Pipes - Essay Example Some relevant principles of fluid mechanics that are underlying principles of various flow velocity and flow rate measuring types of equipment are – â€Å"Pascal’s Law†, â€Å"Equation of Continuity† and Bernoulli's Equation†. These are briefly discussed below. The law states that pressure applied to any region of a liquid is transmitted to the entire liquid without any drop in the magnitude. This is the underlying principle for pressure measurement using the manometer. This law has several interesting applications like hydraulic lift and other hydraulic devices. This law can be mathematically stated as Where P1 and P2 are pressures at points 1 and 2 respectively, ‘ï  ²Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ is a density of the liquid, ‘g’ is the acceleration due to gravity and ‘h’ is the elevation of point 2 with respect to point 1.This is essentially a statement of the law of conservation of matter as applied in fluid mechanics. This law states that for an incompressible fluid the flow rate remains the same at any cross-section along the flow direction. This equation is essentially a statement of the law of conservation of energy as applied in fluid mechanics. This law states that for an incompressible and non-viscous fluid the total mechanical energy remains conserved along the flow line. This law can be mathematically expressed as This equation forms the backbone of most of the flow velocity and flow rate measuring instruments. Some of the important instruments measuring flow rate and flow velocity in a pipe are briefly discussed in the subsequent sections.While both the instruments work on the principle of Bernoulli’s equation and introduce in variation in the cross-sectional area of the flow path, there is the small difference in the two instruments. Venturi meter is much longer than an orifice plate, which is essentially a plate. Normally the reduction in cross-section is much larger in case of the orifice meter than that in case of Venturi Meter. Hence, measurements are more accurate in case of orifice plate than in case of venture meter.

British Standards of Sustainability

British Standards of Sustainability Abstract The following report is based on the use of British Standards to look at the impact it has on a product development process from the beginning of its lifecycle to the end when it decomposes. With the world today at the state it is, the pollution and the resources are being used up at an un-regenerate able rate. It is more important than ever to recycle and perform our manufacturing processes in an environmentally sustainable manner. Hence, the modern environmental legislations have been designed and applied in manners as such to focus on not only manufacturing process but also the end of life cycle and the recycling and upcycle options. BS8887- 1:2006 (MADE) looks at design from Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End of life, the key aspects this legislation will cover and target are at remanufacture, recycling and efficient and sustainable ways to proceed to the end of life of the product. The main aim of legislations as such is to become more environmentally friendly and to cre ate a more sustainable environment for the generation of tomorrow. However, there are many such legislations that every manufacturer in the region has to follow which covers areas not covered by the particular legislation mentioned above. There are many various other legislations and regulations which ensure that the rules and regulations are followed strictly and the quality of the production is maintained at an optimum with respect to production and environment. Contents Abstract ..1 Glossary: 3 Introduction: 4 Research Methodology: .4 Principle of MADE: 4 Product Design Assessment: 5 Manufacture of Design: (MADE): .. 5 Assembly (MADE): 6 Disassembly (MADE): .. 6 End of Life Processing (MADE): .. 7 Benefits of MADE: . 7 Design for the Environment (DFE): ..9 BS887 1:.. 9 BS8900: .. 9 ISO 14001: . 9 ISO 14025: .. 10 Designing a product for the environment and how it is contributing to the sustainability: .10 4 Methods to assess a product for their impacts on the environment: .12 Reference and Bibliography ..13 Glossary: PDS- Product Design specification MADE- Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End of life BS- British Standard PDA- Product Design Assessment DFE: Design for Environment FEA: Finite element analysis EIA: Environmental impact assessment LCA: Life cycle assessment MET: Material energy toxicity matrix EEA: Environmental performance indicator WEEE: Waste electronic and electrical equipment Introduction: The report shows how the idea of sustainability is implemented through various steps of production and manufacture with the help of the guidelines put into place by the British Standards. The main purpose behind these legislation and guidelines is to make the companies and the manufacturers aware of the harmful impacts of the manufacturing process as well as the effect of bad material selection during production and end of life cycle. The use of strict guidelines and fines to put these legislations and rules in place helps by maintaining the sustainability process of our environment as well as by funding the awareness programs and the research on new concepts and technology regarding sustainable environment. This report shows the impact of different legislations on the manufacturing process of the industrial fans and the different steps taken to make sure the process is environmentally friendly and supports the sustainability of the environment even during disassembly and end of life cycle. Another form of legislation which provides guidance for the company to perform their operation in a sustainable manner with respect to environment is ISO 14001, ISO 14001 however focuses more on efficient utilisation of water and energy usage with minimum wastage. Together these legislations and laws promotes the idea of sustainable environment and aids for its further research on sustainability and new technology to make the manufacturing process more efficient and environmentally conservative. Research Methodology: To gather the information and data required for the report two major types of sources were used: Research on the internet and through the British standard articles and awareness packets. The manufacturing process of the product is analysed and reviewed under the legislations and rules BS887 and MADE to find out the changes the law has made on the manufacturing process to adapt the process and make it more eco-friendly and sustainable. The legislations and sources for the research are mentioned in the bibliography and on appropriate sections. The company has also done various eco-friendly tests and published articles on its results which can and have been sourced and used as a part of research for the report. Principle of MADE: MADE: Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End of life. The principle objective of the MADE standard is to make sure the product is able to be either decomposed in an eco-friendly manner or recycled after the end of its life cycle to make sure the environment is not affected by the product. The use of MADE ensures the correct materials are selected for manufacture and the idea of eco-friendly and sustainable environment is kept in mind when choosing the material for the product with respect to the impact the use of the material will have on the environment during the its life cycle and after the end of the life cycle. As of today the materials chosen in the product we see are still not very focused on making the environment clean and conservative for the future, more than half of the product we use today are still dumped in landfills after the end of its life cycle which is harming and degrading the environment. Hence the main purpose of the MADE standard is to make the companys an d the manufacturers aware of the needs of our environment and to make sure appropriate materials are chosen for the products which can be either recycled or de-composed in a conservative manner after end of its life cycle. Product Design Assessment: The product being chosen to perform the analysis on is a normal house hold blender. The theory of MADE principles is going to be used for the analysis and to find out the effects a normal house blender has on our environment. The analysis helps us find solutions and improvements for the product to be better suited for the environment and to help maintain the sustainability of environment. The image above shows example of a common house hold blender. Manufacture of Design: (MADE): The manufacturing process of the blender consist of multiple pieces being moulded and shaped and then joined together to make the blender functional and operational. The materials in use for the manufacturing of the blender are also of various combination. However, the blender is shaped in a very simple shape which makes it fairly easier to manufacture the common house hold blender. The plastic jar of the blender is composed of a material called PP (Polypropylene Plastic) shaped and moulded through a process called injection moulding process. The moulding process is performed by heating up the material to its melting point and injecting it to a cooled die where it is cooled down and moulded to its shape. The process is a very cheap method of manufacturing which also requires very low level of energy usage. The blade of the blender on the other hand is stainless steel shaped into small sharp blade like structure which cut and blend the fruits/vegetables/ spices inserted into the jar of the blender. It is essential that the blade is made of stainless steel which has no chances of forming rust in the environment where it operates since food that we eat is being blended in the machine and hence could cause potentially illness for the user. To make sure the steel being used is stainless there should be at least 10.5% chromium in the steel, the presence of the protective iron chromium oxide allows the steel to avoid corrosions and rust. In order for the blender to be considered safe for daily house hold purposes and for it to pass the British safety standard it is vital that the blade for the blenders are of stainless steel. The manufacturing method used to produce the blades for the blenders is the Spinning method. The method is performed by using machinery which is mounted on a forming block against the stainless steel which is pressed on a forming block to rotate. The process in itself is not really expensive or energy consuming but it will be more economical and financially benefitting to produce at bulk with big batches. The graph above shows how the price is affected with the batch size and shows how ordering at bulk with big numbers is more economical. Assembly (MADE): The design of the blender is pretty simple for assembly which requires very little time and knowledge to assemble and use. After the assembly of the blade in the jar all the parts are easily accessible and well fitted to make sure the blender is accessible and easy to use able to be cleaned fitted and opened making it easier to use and clean for household use. The design and the mechanism of the parts are very simple making the parts easy to access worldwide in case it needs repair or fixing. The source of the materials are all minimalistic and easy to access making it easier to be sourced locally making it easier and cheaper to manufacture. The cardboard of the packaging is also recyclable and eco-friendly making it more sustainable friendly for the environment. Disassembly (MADE): The blender consists of various different parts, which are easily constructed and assembled. The use of simple parts makes it easy to operate and assemble the blender along its life cycle. Not only that the use of simple and easy parts makes it easy to disassemble as well helps in the end of life cycle for recycle or upcycle. The use of basic and fairly simple materials for manufacturing and assembly makes it easy to disassemble and end the life cycle in a conservative manner. End of Life Processing (MADE): Due to the presence of heavy carbon emissions and the state that our environment is in it is essential that all the manufacturers have a plan for the end of life cycle to deal with the product in an eco-friendly and conservative manner. The company and the manufacturers need to have a plan for the management of the product even after the items have been sold and passed on to the customers. It is essential for the product to be able to keep up with the customer demand and meet the standards that have been placed for the products hence the End of the life processing is one of the most important steps as well. Preserving our environment and keeping it alive for the future is one of the main issues and things we deal with today in our daily life and it is essential that we respect it in order to maintain the balance in our food chain and the environment. The use of stainless steel hence makes perfect sense as it is theoretically 100 % recyclable. Another key features which promotes the use of stainless steel is that it is very durable and has a long life of several decades. However, if the product has reached its end of lifecycle or has damages in it then it can easily be replaced and separated from its housing and framework. As stainless steel has no damaging effect when in contact with soil or water it can be easily re-moulded in different kinds of moulds to reuse and recycle. Polypropylene (PP) is another material not only being used in the manufacturing of the blender but also one of the most recycled and reused material around us today. With nearly everything around us being made of some kind of plastic it is essential we recycle these materials in order to help keep our environment clean and pollution free. All the different kinds of plastic being used in production today are numbered 1-7 depending on the type of plastic and their properties. However, the body of the blender is made up of quite tough PP, which will require a special technique to recycle called the quaternary recycling process. To perform the process on such plastics which are being recycled it is incinerated at temperature of up to 900 to 1000 Degree Celsius. The use of the method can cut the waste plastic by around 80% and completely prevent pollutant escaping to the atmosphere as well. Common examples of recycled PP can be Battery Cables, Brushes, Bins, signal lights, etc. Hence the recycling and re use of every kind of plastic including the PP helps to keep our environment clean and make a more of a sustainable approach. Benefits of MADE: The use of the MADE theory of analysis help us to find out of the flaws present in the blender. Comparing the usage process to the manufacturing and the designing process there is lots of usage during the manufacturing phase comparatively to the very little usage of energy during the operational life of the blender. The graph above shows how it requires an excessive amount of energy during its production phase but very little during its operational and usage life cycle. By finding a more energy efficient method for production and design of the blender the company could be improving in its earning and the profit margin achieved through each sale. As mentioned above in the report the use of the recycling and upcycling process on the materials can be very helpful and cost effective when either purchasing or producing the blender. The use of recycling and eco-friendly components also help to create a good image with the customers and gain their trust. Also using less dense materials, recycle and remade parts for production may help to make a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Design for the Environment (DFE): Design for Environment (DFE) can be defined as process of designing to minimize the environmental impacts and ensuring products are sustainable and eco-friendly throughout the products life cycle. The main concepts and sections that are covered and assessed by the concept of DFE are: Sustainability in relation to its influence on industry Designing a product with respect to the environment and how it is contributing to the sustainability of the environment 4 Methods to assess a product for their impacts on the environment Sustainability in relation to its influence on industry: According to The Bruntland Commission, sustainability is a development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The BSIs overarching sustainability standard BS 8900 Guidance for managing sustainable development defines sustainability as an enduring, balanced approach to economic activity, environmental responsibility and social progress. The product life cycle of the company is assessed to find out the sustainability of a company and its products. With the help of these types of assessment performed by recognised bodies like the British Standard and other companys it adds a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach to its company and its products. The achievement of approval and recognition from organisations like BS8900 can lead to approval from other organisation as such which could give them further recognition and qualification in order to achieve greater vision and solidity as well as building trust and confidence for the company and its products. Having achieved the recognition from the organisations they can also benefit from less taxation, social and green branding and a higher level of understanding on recycling and the possible different ways possible to recycle. There are also many other types of UK/EU legislation and standards that can have influence on the industries improvement towards more sustainable earth: BS887 1: The specific standard BS887 1 is different from other standards because it does not teach or give instruction to the designers on how to design or seek the manufacturing process. The standard rather provides methodology for ordering the output of the process and maximises the possibility of the most efficient ways to manufacture, assemble and solve the problem of end of life for the product. The standard also focuses on the most efficient and cost effective ways to produce the design and the products. BS8900: This standard and legislation is based on the guidance provided to manage sustainable development and to make sure sustainable practise are taking place in the industry. The standard helps the company to grow and cut out un-necessary actions taking place in the company like bribery, abuse, oppression and corruptions, enabling the company to stand on integrity. ISO 14001: ISO 14001 is an environmental management system standard which fully focuses on the environment. ISO 14001 helps to promote the effective and efficient environmental management from the company. It also controls the management of energy, consumables and waste; enabling strict energy management system. This will help the company benefit from appropriate amount of energy being used for the corresponding purposes and limiting the level of carbon emissions into the atmosphere making it a more eco-friendly and sustainable company. ISO 14025: This standard addresses the procedures for creating environmental declarations and labels. This helps to make sure there are standardised logos which represent how green and eco-friendly the company or the manufacturer is. The standardised logos indicate the level of carbon footprint in a product and can help either gain the company a good image or a bad one depending on their performance and the stickers in the packaging. Designing a product for the environment and how it is contributing to the sustainability: Designing a product for the environment (DFE) process provides huge contributions towards making a business or a product highly sustainable and environmentally friendly. The objective of DFE in simple words is to reduce or prevent various different kinds of pollutions and also highlight the risks to humans and environment. DFE aims to improve products, processes and life cycle by approaching the design of the product it is also aimed to reduce the potential impacts the environment and humans may have to face or come up against. DFE applies its principles throughout the stage of its product life cycle focusing on making the steps more environmentally friendly and loss polluting hence resulting in cleaner and sustainable products. The direct result from implementation of DFE in the products life cycle can lead to prevention of various different kinds of pollution as well as reduction on the amount of toxic/ hazardous waste and chemical in the landfills. The picture above shows an example of a product life cycle which when under DFE legislation is focused in making the steps and their results more environmentally friendly and conservative. The extraction process of the raw materials is going to be the most energy consuming and time consuming process of all. This is where various sources are either dug or mined to retrieve the natural resources for the manufacturing process hence there is going to be large amount pollution and energy usage. However, this can be countered by making use of the recycling process heavily and by designing the product to be as recyclable as possible, hence less natural resources have to be destroyed for raw materials to make the products. During the process of manufacturing the various different kinds of production methods and techniques use different levels of energy and produce different levels of waste output. With the varying level of waste and usage it is hard to maintain and control the level of wastage for the manufacturing process however if the techniques and methods of manufacturing are used at its highest efficiency level the wastage is controlled to a limit and everything is controllable and manageable to a limit. Also using less dense material and energy efficient machinery can be vital during manufacturing to control the level of pollutants produced and to conserve the environment. Also by using local sourced raw material and making use of simple designs on the product it can help by a huge margin to control the level of carbon footprints produced and pollution being caused throughout the product life cycle. Making your sources locally based allows you to control the amount of pollutants emitted during the transportation phase the shorter the journey for the transportation the less the amount of carbon footprint emitted hence it helps a great deal to be able to source locally and produce your material from raw materials around you. Also choices can be made depending on the type of transportation chosen to export / transfer your product to the market, for e.g.: Transport through sea would probably cause less pollution than if chosen to transport through air or road. The usage period of the life cycle is when the product is operational and in use by the customer or the user. This is when the actual product that has been designed and manufactured is at it life cycle in the hand of the customer. However, there are also various ways which can help to make the product more sustainable and environmentally friendly one of them being the product is designed in a manner where it can be used more than once after it life span runs out for e.g. rechargeable batteries. Recycling is the step where the finished material at the end of their life cycle has an option to either become a useless waste / a pollutant to the environment or to be reused in either the same product or any other product being manufactured by the manufacturers. However, the step of recycling as well is affected with the mixture and materials being used in the product. A product with complex mixed materials would make it harder and the process of recycling longer to making it more harmful and un-sanitary for the environment. Also a simpler plain material would make it easier as well as less energy consuming to recycle the materials compared to a complex material which would have to be separated and grouped before the recycling process is applied to it. However, there are some products which cannot be recycled and need to be buried in landfills. Unless and until the buried product fully di composes and breaks down which it take a long time to it is not a sustainable method of end of life. Therefore, especially with products which cannot be recycled and need to be buried in the ground it is essential that there is no toxic material in the product which can harm the environment and the ecosystem where they are buried. 4 Methods to assess a product for their impacts on the environment: Method Description Advantage Disadvantage 1 Environmental impact assessment (EIA) Assess the possible impacts of a product towards the environmental, social and economic effects. Clearly shows you the negative impact on environment and sustainable issues. Only partial assessment is performed. 2 Environmental Impact of Products (EIPRO) Very research based analytical approach. Extremely detailed in its finding. Data received is accurate. Solutions for present and future problems can be accessed and planned. The impact the product has on the environment can be visualised before production. Very time consuming and financially not efficient enough. 3 Life cycle assessment (LCA) Assesses all the industrial system from acquiring raw materials right through to waste disposals. The environmental impact of the process can be measured at each stage of the cycle. Excellent results of environmental impact. Good comparison of results so that decision can be made to decide which method is best for the environment. Supports business strategy and research development Extremely costly. Extremely time consuming. 4 Publicly Available Specification PAS2050 Gives methodology to measure greenhouse gas emission throughout the products life cycle Benchmark to compare it with suppliers. Good image with the customer due to eco friendliness Could have a negative affect with the customers if the product isnt really eco-friendly. Reference and Bibliography http://www.bssa.org.uk/sectors.php?id=99. Last accessed 20 March 2015. Wrap org. (May 2010). Environment assessment of consumer electronic products. Available: http://www2.wrap.org.uk/downloads/Environmental_assessment_of_consumer_electronic_products.3d08bcb8.10214.pdf. Last accessed 13 March 2015. Standard Publications à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  BS8887-1 Design for Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End of Life Processing à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   ISO 14040 Life Cycle Assessment Standard à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   ISO 14025 -Procedure of creating environmental declarations LFA. http://www.british-gypsum.com/about-us/sustainability/life-cycle-assessments Christina Goodrick. (March 2006). Design for waste minimisation within a food blender. Available: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/Science-Progress/159026488.html. Last accessed 13 March 2015. JEM. (May 2009). Adaptable design: concepts, methods, and application. Available: http://www.sustainelectronics.illinois.edu/NSFworkshop/Reading/Adaptable%20Design%20Concepts,%20Methods,%20and%20Applications.pdf. Last accessed 20 March 2015. Azom. (28 November 2012). Polypropylene (PP) (C3H6) Plastic Recycling. Available: http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=7899. Last accessed 20 March 2015. Unknown. (June 2011). Environmental aspects of stainless steel.Available:

Social Order and Animal Consciousness :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Social Order and Animal Consciousness There is nothing new about the uncanny abilities of animals. People have noticed them for centuries. Millions of pet owners and pet trainers today have experienced them personally. But at the same time, many people feel they have to deny these abilities or trivialize them. They are ignored by institutional science. Pets are the animals we know best, but their most surprising and intriguing behavior is treated as of no real interest. Why should this be so, and what about the implications of animal consciousness and intelligence through the behavior observed by those with close relations to animals. One reason for institutional science’s lack of interest is a taboo against taking ‘pets’ seriously. This taboo is not confined to scientist but is a result of the split attitudes to animals expressed in our society as a whole. During working hours we commit ourselves to economic progress fueled by science and technology and based on the mechanistic view of life. This view, dating back to the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century, derives form Renà © Descarte’s theory of the universe as a machine. Though the metaphors have changed (from the brain as a hydraulic machine in Descarte’s time), life is still thought of in terms of machinery. Animals and plants are seen as genetically programmed automata. Meanwhile, back at home, we have our pets. Pets are in a different category from other animals. Pet-keeping is confined to the private, or subjective, realm. Experiences with pets are kept out of the real, or objective, world. There is a huge gulf between companion animals, treated as members of the family, and animals in factory farms and research laboratories. Our relationships with our pets are based on different sets of attitudes, on I-thou relationships rather than I-it approach encouraged by science. Whether in the laboratory or in the field, scientific investigators typically try to avoid emotional connections with the animals they are investigating. They aspire to a detached objectivity. They would therefore be unlikely to encounter the kinds of behavior and apparent consciousness that depend on the close attachment between animals and people. In this realm, animal trainers and pet owners are generally far more knowledgeable and experienced than professional researchers on animal behavior- unless they happen to be pet owners themselves. Consciousness has been found to be one of the hardest things to define and study. The textbook definition of "Consciousness" is the full knowledge of what is in one’s own mind; awareness.

Reflection On Taking The Elementary Education Program Essay

After taking EDUC 417 and completing level 1 of the elementary education program, I have definitely learned that children’s literature matters and is a necessity in the classroom. Children are never to young to be read to and never to old to stop being read to. Reading aloud to students at all ages, but especially to young and developing readers is an essential tool in order for children to become successful in school. Children’s literature is endless and I have truly learned about the diverse collection of books that are available for student’s to read. It is essential as a teacher to provide students with access to a diverse  collection of books because students’ can learn endlessly from different genres, reading levels, and cultural perspectives. It is key to provide a diverse source of literature in the classroom for students to be exposed to. When children are young readers, one of the most important jobs of the teacher is to help students not only learn to read but develop a love for reading. Not only is reading important in developing skills and succeeding in school, but it is valuable for other important reasons as well. Children’s literature is vital because it allows students to respond  to literature and appreciate their own culture, as well as others. It allows students to grow creatively and develops student’s personalities and social skills. It is crucial for students to learn about their culture as well as others, and literature is an amazing source for students to learn this. It is critical to find books that are unbiased and depict culture as an important piece of society. My eyes have opened after reading a large selection of books with different genres, reading levels, and cultural perspectives this semester. The more contact students have  with books, the better readers they become. Teachers can promote this by reading every day and providing children the opportunity for students to interact with books daily. Providing time for reading in the classroom and having conversations about reading helps children foster a love for reading. Children learn to read by reading, which is why literature matters and it is important to read and use in the classroom. 2. Three important learning’s from this semester are multicultural literature, reading logs, and genre sharing. Multicultural literature has been a key aspect of learning this semester. Before taking EDUC 417, I was unaware of the vast collection of books that represent diverse cultures. Through the books read in class and the two text sets I created, I have learned the significance of multicultural children’s literature and the value it can have on students. Through these books, children can learn to respect not only their own cultural groups, but also the cultural groups of others. Children’s books can be a mirror of their on lives or a window into the world around them. Multicultural literature helps students understand that despite the differences around us, all people share  common feelings and experiences. I have also learned the importance of choosing good multicultural books that represent specific cultures in realistic and unbiased ways. It is important for the books to challenge stereotypes and have a realistic glimpse of the lives of the culture portrayed in the book. Books that provide an accurate representation of diverse cultural groups allow students to learn to identify stereotypes and biases in their lives. Reading logs have been another important learning from this semester. The website, LibraryThing has been an amazing tool in creating my own reading  log. I have been able to create a list of all of the books I have read this semester with specific details like tags, reading level, genre, rating, and review. The reading log I created is a source I am able to look back on for years to come. Creating my own reading log has taught me organization and time management skills, but has also given me the opportunity to reflect on the books I have read. Since I am going to be a teacher with my own classroom, my reading log has helped me start creating a source in order to create a successful and beneficial classroom library  in the future. Being able to look back on the books I loved and didn’t like will help me create the best classroom library for my students. Genre sharing was the third learning from this semester that was significant to me. I believe this was very important because I learned a huge amount of information about different genres present in children’s literature. Before taking EDUC 417, I was unaware of the collection of genres present within children’s literature. From genre and book sharing this semester, I have learned about seven different genres and the key points, history, reader  connections, and evaluation criteria of each genre. This has been very beneficial because I have learned the importance of introducing students to all different genres and how to find books that represent each genre in the most successful way. 3. Three specific ways that I am committed to using children’s literature in my classroom are through a classroom library, reading aloud, and literature centers. All three of these ways I will use children’s literature in my classroom are critical to my teaching in different ways. A classroom library is essential and  critical to my teaching because it provides students with the opportunity to read daily. I will provide students with time to read daily and self-choice of books. My classroom library is critical to my teaching because it will expose students to books, reading, and help foster their love of reading. Reading aloud is another way I will commit to using children’s literature in my classroom. Reading aloud is such an essential tool in the classroom and exposes students to language, different text types, critical thinking, and books that students normally would not be able to read on their own. Children who are read aloud to usually become the best readers and eventually writers as well. Reading aloud will be critical to my teaching because I am able to read a huge variety of books with different genres and cultural perspectives. Reading aloud gives me the opportunity to expose my students to a vast diversity of books. If time allows it, I would love to read aloud to my students daily as a key way of commitment to using children’s literature in my classroom. Lastly, I will be committed to using children’s literature in my classroom through literature circles. There is an abundance of ways to read within the classroom and literature circles allow students to read in multiple different ways. Students can read independently, through shared reading, and guided reading. Literature circles also give the teacher the opportunity to split students up by reading level. During literature circles, teachers are able to work with students on a more personal level in order to help them grow as readers. Literature circles will be critical to my teaching because they provide a place for cooperative learning, social experiences, choice, structure, and differentiated instruction.

2A Time Management (1) Essays - Time Management, Telecommuting

2A Time Management (1) Essays - Time Management, Telecommuting Time Management Look at the following list of activities. On a typical day, which of the following do you do? Rate' the activities in terms of how much time you spend doing them: 1 I spend TOO MUCH TIME on this! 2 I spend an APPROPRIATE/ THE NECESSARY amount of time on this 3 I DON'T SPEND ENOUGH TIME on this! SHOWER GET DRESSED HAVE BREAKFAST HAVE CLASS HAVE LUNCH HAVE DINNER WASH THE DISHES CHECK FACEBOOK/ TWITTER etc etc CALL YOUR PARENTS SPEND TIME WITH YOUR GIRLFRIEND/ BOYFRIEND GO TO THE GYM/ DO SPORT PLAY COMPUTER GAMES MEET FRIENDS FOR COFFEE GO OUT IN THE EVENING (PUB/ CLUB ETC) GO TO THE SUPERMARKET STUDY (HOMEWORK) WORK (PART-TIME JOB) WALK/ GET THE BUS/ CYCLE FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER TIDY UP YOUR HOUSE/ BEDROOM DO YOUR LAUNDRY WATCH TV SLEEP Time management strategies When we plan a day, we tend to think about the big' things (work, class, night out) and forget that we have to do little' things (eat, shower, do laundry...), which also take up time. It is extremely important for you to organise your time, especially when you no longer have your parents around to tell you (nag you!) what to do and when to do it! Of course, life is not all about studying BUT when you sign up'for a degree, investment in your future life). So you must ensure that you make time for study. As the semester progresses, not only will you have to attend class, but you will also have assignments to do; you are CHOOSING (and paying!!) to make study an important part of your life When you plan your time, it is also important to think about the impact one activity might have on another. For example, if you play computer games/ go out drinking until 3am, you may find it difficult to get up/ concentrate/ function the next day... So you need to learn to PLAN and PRIORITISE. This means being REALISTIC and HONEST! Here are SOME ways which can help you get the best out of your time (I am not suggesting they are all suitable/ appropriate/ successful for everyone - There are many strategies - find the one(s) which works for you) Keep a diary Write a daily/ weekly list of things you have to do. PRIORITISE YOUR ACTIVITIES - make a list in order of importance. TICK /CROSS THEM OFF AS YOU COMPLETE THEM (this gives you a sense of achievement, which is motivating) Multi -task WHEN APPROPRIATE!!! ( eg check Facebook while you are on the bus; while you're watching TV, do your ironing etc ) Complete one thing at a time; where possible, start an activity and finish it before starting another Reward yourself for completing a task - alternate between work and pleasure - make the reward up front and don't skimp out Study when you are most alert (be HONEST!) Avoid late nights when you have an early start Set time limits for your activities (all of them!) - set alarms for time up'! (and, where necessary, allow time for unavoidable delays)